Funding

Corporate Treasury & Banking in China

Report date: 
10 Feb 2026

Log in / Register to read the latest CompleXCountries (CXC) commentary on Corporate Treasury & Banking in China has now been published. It adds to a growing archive of corporate treasury knowledge relating to China - Browse 18 commentaries with associated reports here - all sourced from detailed confidential peer discussions between the treasurers of multinational companies with operations in China - the report  includes approaches and experiences with:

  • Regulatory environment and regulatory uncertainty
  • Engagement with regulators and regional variation
  • Cross-border cash pooling frameworks (SAFE and PBOC)
  • Cash repatriation methods (dividends, pooling, intercompany loans)
  • Trapped cash and liquidity management
  • Use and limitations of cross-border and back-to-back loans
  • Decisions not to implement pooling and alternative structures (notional pooling)
  • Relationships with local Chinese banks versus international banks
  • Service quality and challenges with Chinese banks
  • Role and performance of international banks
  • Domestic cash pooling and cash reporting
  • FX management, interest rates, and bank competition
  • Onshore (CNY) versus offshore (CNH) renminbi markets
  • Short-term investments 
  • Funding structures (equity, intercompany loans, onshore bank loans)
  • Supplier financing programmes and associated regulatory/KYC issues

International banks discussed in the report include: HSBC, Standard Chartered, JP Morgan, Deutsche Bank, Mizuho, Commerzbank and Citi

Chinese Banks include ICBC &  Bank of China

Topics covered in this report: 
Cash Pooling - cross border, Cash Pooling - domestic, Notional Pooling, Funding, Money Market Funds, Investments, Supply Chain Finance, Bank Relationships, FX, Hedging FX, guarantees
Service providers discussed in this report: 
Standard Chartered, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, Citi, JP Morgan, Mizuho, Commerzbank, Bank of China, ICBC, amundi

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Banking in India: Relationships & Technology

Report date: 
16 Dec 2025

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The new CompleXCountries report on Banking in India: Relationships & Technology has now been published. The report is based on a detailed peer discussion between senior corporate treasury professionals from Europe and Asia in which they shared and compared their experiences with their relationship banking partners in India with a focus on how the Indian Government's digitisation initiatives are being experienced.

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The report can be purchased separately or is available via subscription - Enquire Here.

The report covers practical experiences with:

  • Digitalisation
  • Bank Relationships - pricing & performance
  • Global Banks
  • Indian Banks
  • Bank portals & services
  • Bank guarantees
  • FX
  • FX Hedging
  • Tax & Customs payments
  • Funding 
  • Cards / T&E

The banks discussed in the full report include: JP Morgan, DBS, Citi, HSBC, BNP Paribas, Standard Chartered, Barclays, ICICI, HDFC, Kotak Mahindra Bank and State Bank of India

Topics covered in this report: 
Bank Relationships, guarantees, FX, Hedging FX, Funding, GiftCity, T&E Management, Cards, Tax, Customs, Dividends, Royalties, Cash Repatriation
Service providers discussed in this report: 
ICICI, JP Morgan, Barclays, HSBC, Citi, DBS, BNP Paribas, Standard Chartered, HDFC, Kotak Mahindra Bank, State Bank of India, FBIL

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Corporate Treasury & Banking in Israel

Report date: 
3 Dec 2025

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The new CompleXCountries report on Banking and Corporate Treasury in Israel has now been published and is available to subscribers or can be purchased individually. The report is based on a detailed peer discussion between senior corporate treasury professionals from Europe, the Middle East and Asia in which they shared and compared their approach and experiences with managing their corporate treasury in Israel and compared experiences with different banking partners.

The report includes:

  • Integration with global treasury structures
  • Banking relationships - local & global banks
  • Language and system challenges
  • Withholding tax challenges
  • Local organisational structures
  • Cash pooling practices, domestic, cross border (physical and notional).
  • Local payments & collections
  • Funding
  • Contingency planning

Service providers discussed in this report include: HSBC, Citi, Bank Mendes Gans, Bank Leumi, Bank Hapoalim and  Mercantile.

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Topics covered in this report: 
Bank Relationships, Cash Pooling - cross border, Cash Pooling - domestic, Notional Pooling, Funding, withholding tax, Payments - domestic, Payments - cross border, Business continuity
Service providers discussed in this report: 
HSBC, Bank Mendes Gans, Citi, Bank Leumi

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Corporate Treasury, FX & Bank Relationships in Egypt

Report date: 
24 Nov 2025

The full report covers current practices in relation to the list below. To read our commentary (analysis and key findings)  please Log In or Register

  • Foreign exchange regulations and practices
  • Use and management of Letters of Credit (LCs)
  • FX availability 
  • Methods of managing foreign currency flows
  • Payment terms in the market
  • Funding structures and intercompany financing
  • Cash management and liquidity
  • Exchange-rate exposure and losses
  • Corporate legal structures in Egypt
  • Local vs. imported manufacturing setups
  • Bank relationships and banking landscape
  • Geopolitical context and external investments
  • Overall business environment and operating conditions

Service providers discussed  in the full report: HSBC, Citi, Standard Chartered

 

Topics covered in this report: 
Bank Relationships, Hedging FX, FX, Cash Pooling - cross border, Cash Pooling - domestic, Funding, Investments, Letters of Credit (LC)
Service providers discussed in this report: 
Citi, HSBC, Standard Chartered

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Corporate Treasury & FX in Brazil

Report date: 
5 Nov 2025

The full report covers current practices in relation to the list below. To read our commentary (analysis and key findings)  please Log In or Register

  • Changes to IOF tax and its impact on FX, loans, and domestic cash structures
  • FX transaction practices 
  • Cross-border funding and capital structure considerations
  • Potential introduction of dividend withholding tax
  • Viability of including Brazil in a notional pooling structure under new rules
  • Use of boletos and e-boletos for collections
  • Adoption and growth of the Pix payment system
  • FX hedging, interest rates and BRL volatility
  • Use of structured products and offshore hedging
  • Investment of surplus cash
  • Payroll practices 
  • Tax payments
  • Working Capital Finance
  • Bank Relationships: local vs. global banks and service levels
  • Regulatory, tax and operating environment in Brazil

Service providers discussed  in the full report: Bradesco, Itaú, Banco do Brasil, Santander, Citi, JPMorgan, Bank of America, BNP Paribas, Bank Mendes Gans, Deutsche Bank, BBVA, Caixa, FXall and 360T

 

Topics covered in this report: 
FX, Hedging FX, Cash Pooling - domestic, Notional Pooling, Funding, Working Capital, Supply Chain Finance, Factoring, Tax, withholding tax, Dividends, Boletos, PIX, Investments
Service providers discussed in this report: 
360T, FXall, BBVA, Bradesco, Itau, JP Morgan, Santander, Bank of America, BNP Paribas, Banco de Brasil, Citi, Bank Mendes Gans, caixa, Deutsche Bank

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How MNCs manage Corporate Treasury in Turkey

Report date: 
22 Oct 2025

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CXC reports are based on confidential peer discussions between senior corporate treasurers sharing their solutions to complex treasury challenges.

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Topics covered in this report include:

  • Turkey’s recent economic conditions and inflation trends
  • Currency depreciation and exchange rate developments
  • Business and regulatory environment in Turkey
  • Tax structure and compliance challenges
  • Funding options and financing practices for companies
  • Use and impact of the Resource Utilisation Support Fund (RUSF)
  • Stamp duty and its implications for loans
  • Inter-company loans and cash management strategies
  • Hedging approaches and accounting under hyperinflation
  • Treatment of interest and foreign exchange transactions
  • Equity funding and capital management in subsidiaries
  • Cash pooling arrangements and restrictions
  • Role of international and local banks in Turkey
  • Bureaucracy and documentation requirements
  • Payment processing and local PSP requirements
  • Overall outlook and long-term confidence in the Turkish market

Banks discussed in this report include: Bank Mendes Gans, JP Morgan, Garanti, TEB, Citi, and ING

 

Topics covered in this report: 
Accounting Measurements, Bank Relationships, Cash Pooling - domestic, Notional Pooling, Funding, Cash Repatriation, Cash Pooling - cross border, Investments, Funding, Working Capital, Tax, PSP, FX, Hedging FX, Inflation
Service providers discussed in this report: 
JP Morgan, BNP Paribas, Bank Mendes Gans, ING, TEB, Garanti BBVA, Citi

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Corporate Treasury, Banking & FX in India

Report date: 
1 Apr 2025

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CXC reports are based on confidential peer discussions between senior corporate treasurers sharing their solutions to complex treasury challenges.

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Our reports are packed with practical, experience based learning allowing users to benchmark their operations and identify proven, actionable efficiencies - please get in touch for details.

Topics covered in this report: 
FX, Hedging FX, Funding, GiftCity, Bank Relationships, Collections - domestic
Service providers discussed in this report: 
DBS, Citi, JP Morgan, BNP Paribas, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, ICICI, HDFC, State Bank of India, Kotak Mahindra Bank, SWIFT, 360T, Bloomberg

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Corporate Treasury: Funding Working Capital

Report date: 
14 Nov 2024

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CXC reports are based on confidential peer discussions between senior corporate treasurers sharing their solutions to complex treasury challenges.

Our commentaries, comprising the key findings from the reports are FREE - simply register to access 150+ commentaries and receive new commentaries direct to your inbox.

Our reports are packed with practical, experience based learning allowing users to benchmark their operations and identify proven, actionable efficiencies - please get in touch for details.

Topics covered in this report: 
Bank Relationships, Factoring, Supply Chain Finance, Procurement, Credit Risk, Wallet Share, Virtual cards, Funding
Service providers discussed in this report: 
IFC, Barclays, Deutsche Bank

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